Introduction

Cyflwyniad

Human head puzzle

According to the Oxford Dictionaries the definition of dementia is: ‘A chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.’ (https://bit.ly/2HaW0cU)

Dementia is an overarching term that describes a range of neurological orders that are progressive. Dementia damages the nerve cells in the brain preventing the body from functioning correctly. Each individual is affected in different ways and the rate of progression varies from individual to individual. Changes may be small to start with but they could progress to interfere with daily life and activities. Dementia can affect an individual of any age but is most commonly seen in those over 65. Younger people developing dementia are described as having ‘early onset dementia’. The four most common types of dementia are Alzheimer’s, vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. The most commonly known is Alzheimer’s.

Yn ôl yr Oxford Dictionaries y diffiniad o ddementia yw: ‘A chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.’ https://bit.ly/2HaW0cU

Mae dementia yn derm cyffredinol sy'n disgrifio amrywiaeth o gyflyrau niwrolegol cynyddol. Mae dementia yn niweidio'r nerfgellau yn yr ymennydd gan rwystro'r corff rhag gweithio'n iawn. Mae dementia yn effeithio ar bob unigolyn mewn ffyrdd gwahanol ac mae'n datblygu'n gynt mewn rhai unigolion nag eraill. Gall y newidiadau fod yn fach i ddechrau ond gallent ddatblygu nes eu bod yn amharu ar fywyd a gweithgareddau o ddydd i ddydd. Gall dementia effeithio ar bawb o bob oed ond mae'n fwy cyffredin ymhlith pobl dros 65 oed. Os bydd pobl ifanc yn datblygu dementia, dywedir bod ganddynt 'dementia cynnar'. Y pedwar math mwyaf cyffredin o ddementia yw Alzheimer's, dementia fasgwlar, dementia blaenarleisiol a dementia gyda chyrff Lewy. Yr un mwyaf adnabyddus yw Alzheimer's.

Indicators and signs of dementia

Dangosyddion ac arwyddion dementia

Forgetting Keys

Signs and indicators of dementia vary from individual to individual but may include:

  • memory problems
  • problems identifying new information
  • misplacing things
  • difficulty with time
  • unable to make decisions
  • unable to follow a series of steps or instructions
  • visual hallucinations
  • behaving out of character
  • restless
  • reluctant to take part in activities previously enjoyed
  • repeat themselves or have difficulty finding words
  • mood swings, anxiety, depression
  • find conversation difficult
  • lack of hand-eye coordination
  • apathy.

Gall arwyddion a dangosyddion dementia amrywio o unigolyn i unigolyn ond gallant gynnwys:

  • problemau cofio
  • problemau nodi gwybodaeth newydd
  • gadael pethau yn y lle anghywir
  • anhawster gydag amser
  • methu â gwneud penderfyniadau
  • methu â dilyn cyfres o gamau neu gyfarwyddiadau
  • rhithweledigaethau gweledol
  • ymddwyn yn anarferol
  • aflonydd
  • amharod i gymryd rhan mewn gweithgareddau yr oeddent yn eu mwynhau o'r blaen
  • ailadrodd eu hunain neu anhawster dod o hyd i eiriau
  • newidiadau sydyn mewn hwyliau, gorbryder, iselder
  • anhawster cynnal sgwrs
  • diffyg cydsymud rhwng y llaw a'r llygaid
  • apathi.

Ways in which dementia can affect individuals and how they experience the world

Ffyrdd y gall dementia effeithio ar unigolion a sut maen nhw'n profi'r byd

Forgetful man

Living with dementia has an emotional, social and psychological impact on an individual.

An individual with dementia experiences a series of losses. Relationships with friends and family may change and an individual may be frustrated by having to ask others for support and a loss of independence. An individual with dementia experiences feelings of confusion which may make them feel angry and upset with themselves and those around them.

As a result of changes there can be a loss of self-esteem, confidence, independence and social contacts. This could prevent them from participating in activities or hobbies and may also affect their ability to drive. Individuals may become dependent on others to be able to go out and have more limited opportunities to access their local community and travel further. As the disease progresses there may be a reliance on carers or a move to residential care.

Watch the video: A Walk Through Dementia - at home

Further resources from Alzheimer’s research show day-to-day activities as experienced by individuals with dementia.

https://bit.ly/1TRlHRw

Mae byw gyda dementia yn cael effaith emosiynol, gymdeithasol a seicolegol ar unigolyn.

Mae unigolion â dementia yn profi cyfres o golledion. Gall cydberthnasau â ffrindiau a theulu newid a gall unigolyn deimlo'n rhwystredig am fod yn rhaid iddo ofyn i eraill am help ac am ei fod yn colli'i annibyniaeth. Mae unigolion â dementia yn profi teimladau o ddryswch a all wneud iddynt deimlo'n ddig ac yn ofidus gyda'u hunain a'r bobl o'u cwmpas.

O ganlyniad i hyn, gallant golli hunan-barch, hyder, annibyniaeth a chysylltiadau cymdeithasol. Gallai hyn eu hatal rhag cymryd rhan mewn gweithgareddau neu hobïau a gallai effeithio ar eu gallu i yrru hefyd. Gall unigolion ddod yn ddibynnol ar eraill er mwyn gallu mynd allan ac efallai bydd ganddynt lai o gyfleoedd i fynd i'w cymuned leol a theithio ymhellach. Wrth i'r clefyd ddatblygu, efallai y byddant yn dibynnu ar ofalwyr neu'n symud i ofal preswyl.

Gwyliwch y fideo: A Walk Through Dementia - at home

Rhagor o adnoddau gan Ymchwil Alzheimer's sy'n dangos profiad unigolion â dementia o weithgareddau o ddydd i ddydd.

https://bit.ly/1TRlHRw

Drag the words to the correct spaces.

Llusgwch y geiriau i'r bylchau cywir.

Your answers

Dementia is a neurological disorder in which the individual experiences a series of losses. It has an emotional, social and psychological impact on the individual. It causes confusion which can make individuals upset and angry. It changes the relationships that individuals have with family and friends and many are frustrated at having to ask for help and losing their independence. One of the hardest things for many individuals is having to give up driving. As individuals become more dependent on others to go out they can become increasingly isolated.

Correct answers

Dementia is a neurological disorder in which the individual experiences a series of losses. It has an emotional, social and psychological impact on the individual. It causes confusion which can make individuals upset and angry. It changes the relationships that individuals have with family and friends and many are frustrated at having to ask for help and losing their independence. One of the hardest things for many individuals is having to give up driving. As individuals become more dependent on others to go out they can become increasingly isolated.

Eich atebion

Anhwylder niwrolegol yw dementia sy'n golygu bod yr unigolyn yn profi cyfres o golledion. Mae'n cael effaith emosiynol, gymdeithasol a seicolegol ar yr unigolyn. Mae'n achosi dryswch sy'n gallu gwneud i unigolion deimlo'n ddig ac yn ofidus. Mae'n newid cydberthnasau unigolion â'u teulu a'u ffrindiau ac mae llawer yn teimlo'n rhwystredig am fod yn rhaid iddynt ofyn am help ac am eu bod yn colli eu hannibyniaeth. Un o'r pethau anoddaf i lawer o bobl yw gorfod rhoi'r gorau i yrru. Wrth i unigolion ddod yn fwy dibynnol ar bobl eraill i fynd allan, gallant fynd yn fwy ynysig.

Atebion cywir

Anhwylder niwrolegol yw dementia sy'n golygu bod yr unigolyn yn profi cyfres o golledion. Mae'n cael effaith emosiynol, gymdeithasol a seicolegol ar yr unigolyn. Mae'n achosi dryswch sy'n gallu gwneud i unigolion deimlo'n ddig ac yn ofidus. Mae'n newid cydberthnasau unigolion â'u teulu a'u ffrindiau ac mae llawer yn teimlo'n rhwystredig am fod yn rhaid iddynt ofyn am help ac am eu bod yn colli eu hannibyniaeth. Un o'r pethau anoddaf i lawer o bobl yw gorfod rhoi'r gorau i yrru. Wrth i unigolion ddod yn fwy dibynnol ar bobl eraill i fynd allan, gallant fynd yn fwy ynysig.

Living well with dementia

Byw'n dda gyda dementia

Happy elderly woman

Recent government policy has prioritised ‘living well’ for individuals with dementia.

‘Living well with dementia’ supports independence and quality of life for individuals. It supports the importance of remembering that individuals can still live happy and fulfilled lives, make choices and have their wishes respected. It is important to focus on what an individual can do and enable them to remain as independent and active as possible.

The NHS gives guidance on ‘living well with dementia’ that includes staying socially active, telling others about dementia, looking after their health, tips to cope and who to ask for support.

NHS Living Well with Dementia (https://bit.ly/2VV2Viu)

Dementia Roadmap Wales stresses the importance of independence to living well with dementia and gives practical advice e.g. on driving, employment, hospital, housing, staying healthy and planning for the future.

Dementia Roadmap Wales (https://bit.ly/2HaJIkT)

Other useful information can be found:

Alzheimer’s Society ‘Living Well with Dementia’ (https://bit.ly/2WwhjdX)

1000 Lives is working with the NHS to improve the quality of life for those with dementia (https://bit.ly/1qBfSUn)

Mae polisïau diweddar y llywodraeth wedi rhoi blaenoriaeth i sicrhau bod pobl â dementia yn 'byw'n dda'.

Mae 'byw'n dda gyda dementia' yn cefnogi annibyniaeth ac ansawdd bywyd i unigolion â dementia. Mae'n pwysleisio pwysigrwydd cofio y gall unigolion barhau i fyw bywydau hapus a chyflawn a gwneud dewisiadau ac y dylid parchu eu dymuniadau. Mae'n bwysig canolbwyntio ar yr hyn y gall unigolyn ei wneud a'i alluogi i barhau i fod mor annibynnol ac mor egnïol â phosibl.

Mae'r GIG yn rhoi canllawiau ar 'fyw'n dda gyda dementia' sy'n cynnwys parhau i fod yn weithgar yn gymdeithasol, dweud wrth bobl eraill am ddementia, gofalu am eu hiechyd, cynghorion ar sut i ymdopi ac i bwy y dylid gofyn am gymorth.

Y GIG Byw'n Dda gyda Dementia (https://bit.ly/2VV2Viu)

Mae Trywydd Dementia Cymru yn pwysleisio pwysigrwydd annibyniaeth i alluogi pobl i fyw'n dda gyda dementia ac mae'n rhoi cyngor ymarferol e.e. ar yrru, cyflogaeth, ysbytai, tai, cadw'n iach a chynllunio i'r dyfodol.

Trywydd Dementia Cymru (https://bit.ly/2HaJIkT)

Gellir darganfod mwy o wybodaeth defnyddiol:

Y Gymdeithas Alzheimer's ‘Byw yn dda gyda dementia ar ôl diagnosis’ (https://bit.ly/2WpmVdc)

Mae 1000 o Fywydau yn gweithio gyda'r GIG i wella ansawdd bywyd pobl â dementia.

(https://bit.ly/2EooDRU)

How person centred approaches can be used to support individuals living with dementia

Sut y gall dulliau gweithredu person ganolog gael eu defnyddio i gynorthwyo unigolion sy'n byw gyda dementia

Elderly women socialising

Person centred approaches place the individual at the centre of planning and decision making about provision. It respects the views and beliefs of individuals and ensures that the individual remains the focus and not the illness.

Person centred care plans are tailored to meet the needs of individuals. Where possible, the individual, carers and family should be involved in planning. The knowledge of family and carers is important to make sure a plan meets the needs of an individual. It includes aspects of an individual’s preferences such as food, clothes and makeup, daily activities and communication preferences.

Person centred planning ensures that individuals with dementia can continue to do things that they enjoy. This helps reduce frustration, behavioural problems, aggression and depression.

The Alzheimer’s Society identify five key points of person centred care for those with dementia:

  • treating the person with dignity and respect
  • understanding their history, lifestyle, culture and preferences, including their likes, dislikes, hobbies and interests
  • looking at situations from the point of view of the person with dementia
  • providing opportunities for the person to have conversations and relationships with other people
  • ensuring the person has the chance to try new things or take part in activities they enjoy.

(https://bit.ly/306Z3dv)

Mae dulliau gweithredu person ganolog yn rhoi'r unigolyn wrth wraidd unrhyw gynlluniau a phenderfyniadau sy'n cael eu gwneud am ddarpariaeth. Mae'n parchu barn a chredoau unigolion ac yn sicrhau bod y ffocws yn cael ei roi ar yr unigolyn ac nid y salwch.

Mae cynlluniau gofal person ganolog yn cael eu teilwra i ddiwallu anghenion unigolion. Lle bo hynny'n bosibl, dylai'r unigolyn, ei ofalwyr a'i deulu gael eu cynnwys yn y gwaith cynllunio. Mae gwybodaeth y teulu a gofalwyr yn bwysig er mwyn sicrhau bod cynllun yn cwrdd ag anghenion yr unigolyn. Mae'n cynnwys agweddau ar ddewisiadau unigolyn fel bwyd, dillad a cholur, gweithgareddau dyddiol a dulliau cyfathrebu dewisol.

Mae gwaith cynllunio person ganolog yn sicrhau y gall unigolion â dementia barhau i wneud y pethau y maent yn eu mwynhau. Mae hyn yn helpu i leihau rhwystredigaeth, problemau ymddygiad, dicter ac iselder.

Yn ôl y Gymdeithas Alzheimer's, mae pum pwynt allweddol i'w cofio mewn perthynas â gofal person ganolog i bobl â dementia:

  • trin y person ag urddas a pharch
  • deall ei hanes, ei ffordd o fyw, ei ddiwylliant a'i ddewisiadau, gan gynnwys yr hyn y mae'n ei hoffi, yr hyn nad yw'n ei hoffi, hobïau a diddordebau
  • edrych ar sefyllfaoedd o safbwynt y person â dementia
  • rhoi cyfleoedd i'r person gael sgyrsiau a chydberthnasau â phobl eraill
  • sicrhau bod y person yn cael y cyfle i roi cynnig ar bethau newydd neu gymryd rhan mewn gweithgareddau y mae'n eu mwynhau.

(https://bit.ly/306Z3dv)

Person-centred approaches

Dulliau gweithredu person-ganolog

Consider The Alzheimer’s Society’s five key points of person centred care for those with dementia:

  • treating the person with dignity and respect
  • understanding their history, lifestyle, culture and preferences, including their likes, dislikes, hobbies and interests
  • looking at situations from the point of view of the person with dementia
  • providing opportunities for the person to have conversations and relationships with other people
  • ensuring the person has the chance to try new things or take part in activities they enjoy.

In the table below give an example of how you can implement these in the workplace.

Ystyriwch y pum pwynt allweddol i'w cofio mewn perthynas â gofal person ganolog i bobl â dementia, yn ôl y Gymdeithas Alzheimer's:

  • trin y person ag urddas a pharch
  • deall ei hanes, ei ffordd o fyw, ei ddiwylliant a'i ddewisiadau, gan gynnwys yr hyn y mae'n ei hoffi, yr hyn nad yw'n ei hoffi, hobïau a diddordebau
  • edrych ar sefyllfaoedd o safbwynt y person â dementia
  • rhoi cyfleoedd i'r person gael sgyrsiau a chydberthnasau â phobl eraill
  • sicrhau bod y person yn cael y cyfle i roi cynnig ar bethau newydd neu gymryd rhan mewn gweithgareddau y mae'n eu mwynhau.

Yn y tabl isod, rhowch enghraifft o sut y gallwch roi'r pwyntiau hyn ar waith yn y gweithle.

Key point How it can be implemented

Treating the person with dignity and respect.

Suggested response:

  • Ensure that the individual is still included in all conversations and decisions about them.
  • Provide them with privacy.
  • Allow the individual to still make choices for themselves, such as what to wear.

Understanding the person’s history, lifestyle, culture and preferences, including their likes, dislikes, hobbies and interests.

Suggested response:

  • Ensure that an individual’s lifestyle, culture and preferences are recorded on their care plan.
  • Talk to the individual, their family and friends to gain an insight into their background.

Looking at situations from the point of view of the person with dementia.

Suggested response:

  • Focus on what the individual still does have, not what they may have lost.
  • Focus on what the individual feels, rather than what they remember.

Providing opportunities for the person to have conversations and relationships with other people.

Suggested response:

  • Respect the individual’s needs for forming and maintaining relationships. This can include intimate relationships, providing the individual’s safety has been considered.
  • Ensure that the individual has opportunities to meet others, whether at day care centres or dementia friendly groups.

Ensuring the person has the chance to try new things or take part in activities they enjoy.

Suggested response:

  • Provide the individual with opportunities to take part in clubs or groups that cater to their interests.
Pwynt allweddol Sut y gallwch ei roi ar waith

Trin y person ag urddas a pharch.

Ymateb awgrymedig

  • Sicrhau bod yr unigolyn yn cael ei gynnwys o hyd ym mhob sgwrs ac ym mhob penderfyniad sy'n cael ei wneud amdano.
  • Rhoi preifatrwydd iddo.
  • Gadael i'r unigolyn wneud ei ddewisiadau ei hun o hyd, fel beth i'w wisgo.

Deall hanes, ffordd o fyw, diwylliant a dewisiadau'r unigolyn, gan gynnwys yr hyn y mae'n ei hoffi, yr hyn nad yw'n ei hoffi, hobïau a diddordebau.

Ymateb awgrymedig

  • Sicrhau bod gwybodaeth am ffordd o fyw, diwylliant a dewisiadau unigolyn yn cael ei chofnodi yn ei gynllun gofal.
  • Siarad gyda’r unigolyn, ei deulu a’i ffrindiau i gael syniad o’i gefndir.

Edrych ar sefyllfaoedd o safbwynt y person â dementia.

Ymateb awgrymedig

  • Canolbwyntio ar yr hyn sydd gan yr unigolyn o hyd, nid yr hyn y mae wedi'i golli.
  • Canolbwyntio ar yr hyn y mae'r unigolyn yn ei deimlo, yn hytrach na'r hyn y mae'n ei gofio.

Rhoi cyfleoedd i'r unigolyn gael sgyrsiau a chydberthnasau â phobl eraill.

Ymateb awgrymedig

  • Parchu anghenion yr unigolion i ffurfio a chynnal cydberthnasau. Gall hyn gynnwys cydberthnasau agos, ar yr amod bod diogelwch yr unigolyn wedi cael ei ystyried.
  • Sicrhau bod yr unigolyn yn cael cyfleoedd i gwrdd ag eraill, boed hynny mewn canolfannau gofal dydd neu grwpiau i bobl â dementia.

Sicrhau bod y person yn cael y cyfle i roi cynnig ar bethau newydd neu gymryd rhan mewn gweithgareddau y mae'n eu mwynhau.

Ymateb awgrymedig

  • Rhoi cyfleoedd i'r unigolyn gymryd rhan mewn clybiau neu grwpiau sy'n addas i'w ddiddordebau.

Considerations needed when communicating with an individual living with dementia

Yr hyn mae angen ei ystyried wrth gyfathrebu ag unigolyn sy'n byw gyda dementia

Elderly man and carer

Dementia affects an individual’s communication in different ways. In the early stages of dementia, some will be able to communicate effectively whereas others will have little verbal communication. Individuals may become frustrated when they cannot convey what they want or mean.

Some factors to consider when communicating with an individual living with dementia include:

  • Background noise. Many individuals with dementia find it difficult to concentrate and background noises (e.g. television, radio, traffic sounds) cause further distraction.
  • Approach them from the front.
  • Identify yourself.
  • Talk slowly and clearly.
  • Make eye contact.
  • Keep conversation simple.
  • Focus on one topic of conversation so as not to confuse.
  • Give simple choices.
  • Involve them in decisions about their care and welfare.
  • Remember they may not recall previous conversations.
  • Use the individual’s name to remind them you are talking to them.
  • Use visual aids and prompts e.g. photos.
  • Respond to how the individual is feeling i.e. happy, relaxed, frustrated.
  • Consider hearing or vision difficulties.
  • Individuals with dementia frequently mix up words so it may be necessary to confirm meaning.
  • Be patient when the individual tries to speak and encourage conversation. An individual may become frustrated if they feel rushed.
  • Use positive body language e.g. smiles/nods.

Mae dementia yn effeithio ar allu unigolyn i gyfathrebu mewn ffyrdd gwahanol. Yn ystod camau cynnar dementia, bydd rhai yn gallu cyfathrebu'n effeithiol ond ychydig iawn o sgiliau cyfathrebu geiriol fydd gan eraill. Gall unigolion fynd yn rhwystredig pan na allant fynegi'r hyn y maent ei eisiau neu'r hyn y maent yn ei olygu.

Mae'r ffactorau i'w hystyried wrth gyfathrebu ag unigolyn sy'n byw gyda dementia yn cynnwys:

  • Sŵn cefndir. Mae llawer o unigolion â dementia yn ei chael hi'n anodd canolbwyntio ac mae sŵn cefndir (e.e. teledu, radio, synau traffig) yn gallu tarfu arnynt ymhellach.
  • Ewch atynt o'r tu blaen.
  • Dywedwch wrthynt pwy ydych chi.
  • Siaradwch yn araf ac yn glir.
  • Ceisiwch gynnal cyswllt llygad.
  • Cadwch y sgwrs yn syml.
  • Canolbwyntiwch ar un pwnc trafod er mwyn osgoi dryswch.
  • Rhowch ddewisiadau syml.
  • Ceisiwch eu cynnwys wrth wneud penderfyniadau am eu gofal a'u lles.
  • Cofiwch na fyddant yn cofio sgyrsiau blaenorol o bosibl.
  • Defnyddiwch enw'r unigolyn i'w atgoffa eich bod yn siarad ag ef.
  • Defnyddiwch gymhorthion ac ysgogiadau gweledol e.e. lluniau.
  • Ymatebwch i'r ffordd y mae'r unigolyn yn teimlo h.y. hapus, wedi ymlacio, rhwystredig.
  • Ystyriwch anawsterau â'r clyw neu'r golwg.
  • Mae unigolion â dementia yn cymysgu geiriau'n aml felly efallai y bydd angen cadarnhau ystyr.
  • Byddwch yn amyneddgar pan fydd yr unigolyn yn ceisio siarad ac anogwch yr unigolyn i sgwrsio. Gall unigolyn fynd yn rhwystredig os bydd yn teimlo ei fod yn cael ei ruthro.
  • Defnyddiwch iaith corff gadarnhaol e.e. gwenu/nodi'r pen.

The impact that supporting and caring for an individual living with dementia can have on family/carers

Effaith bosibl cefnogi a gofalu am unigolyn sy'n byw gyda dementia ar y teulu / gofalwyr

Elderly man and carer

While many family members wish to care for those with dementia, there can be a significant impact on their lives:

  • Caring for an individual with dementia can lead to increased stress, anxiety and depression for carers. The stress of caring may reduce immunity and increase the chance of illness or infection.
  • Carers may need to continue working and caring for other family members (including children) and become tired.
  • Sleep deprivation may occur if the individual with dementia has disrupted sleep patterns and requires night care.
  • Moving and lifting causes back strain.
  • Caring can put stress on relationships within the family. Other family members may not understand the stress caused by caring and the carer can resent their lack of input and support.
  • If an individual needs to give up work or reduce working hours to care for someone with dementia there will be a financial implication. There may be an impact on personal work goals.
  • Impact on household bills e.g. increased heating, special foods, increased telephone bills, transport costs, care products and equipment.
  • Because of the demands of caring there may be little time to exercise or socialise, leading to isolation and an impact on the carer’s well-being.
  • There may be feelings of guilt if an individual with dementia is put into care or extra help is sought.

There are positive aspects too, with carers enjoying time with the individual with dementia and comforted by the knowledge that they are caring for them and doing their best for them.

Er bod llawer o aelodau teulu yn dymuno gofalu am bobl â dementia, gall hyn gael effaith fawr ar eu bywydau:

  • Gall gofalu am unigolyn â dementia arwain at fwy o straen, gorbryder ac iselder i ofalwyr. Gall y straen o ofalu leihau imiwnedd a chynyddu'r siawns o gael salwch neu haint.
  • Efallai y bydd angen i ofalwyr barhau i weithio a gofalu am aelodau eraill o'r teulu (gan gynnwys plant) ac y byddant yn flinedig.
  • Gellir colli cwsg os bydd gan yr unigolyn â dementia batrymau cysgu toredig a bod angen gofal arno yn ystod y nos.
  • Mae codi a chario yn rhoi straen ar y cefn.
  • Gall gofalu roi straen ar gydberthnasau o fewn y teulu. Efallai na fydd aelodau eraill o'r teulu yn deall y straen sy'n cael ei achosi gan ofalu a gall y gofalwr deimlo'n ddig nad ydynt yn cyfrannu digon nac yn rhoi digon o gymorth.
  • Os bydd angen i unigolyn roi'r gorau i weithio neu weithio llai o oriau er mwyn gofalu am rywun â dementia, bydd goblygiadau ariannol. Gall hyn effeithio ar nodau gwaith personol.
  • Effaith ar filiau'r aelwyd e.e. biliau gwres uwch, bwydydd arbennig, biliau ffôn uwch, costau trafnidiaeth, cynhyrchion a chyfarpar gofal.
  • Oherwydd baich gofalu, efallai na fydd llawer o amser i wneud ymarfer corff neu gymdeithasu, gan arwain at ynysu ac effaith ar lesiant y gofalwr.
  • Efallai y bydd teimladau o euogrwydd os bydd unigolyn â dementia yn cael ei roi mewn cartref gofal neu os bydd angen help ychwanegol.

Mae agweddau cadarnhaol hefyd, gyda gofalwyr yn mwynhau amser gyda'r unigolyn â dementia ac yn cael cysur o wybod eu bod yn gofalu amdano ac yn gwneud eu gorau iddo.

Ways in which carers can be supported to continue their role

Ffyrdd o helpu gofalwyr i barhau i gyflawni eu rôl

Medical record

There are a number of ways in which carers can be supported in their role:

  • A free carer’s assessment can be carried out for anyone over 18 and can identify ways to make improvements for a carer e.g. training for lifting, arranging breaks.
  • Local Support Groups enable interaction with other carers and identify sources of help and financial support.
  • Online forums for support and advice if attending a support group is difficult e.g UK Carers Forum (https://bit.ly/2kRSFnJ) or Alzheimer’s Society Talking Point (https://bit.ly/2KGMhdH).
  • Local authorities may be able to provide day care, respite care or adaptations to the home.
  • Carers have a right to request flexible working hours from employers.
  • Carer’s Allowance give financial support if an individual is cared for 35 hours a week.
  • By registering as a carer with the General Practitioner, the carer receives support such as appointments at convenient times, free flu vaccinations, health checks, information and advice.
  • Charities and voluntary organisations can provide support e.g.

Mae sawl ffordd o helpu gofalwyr i gyflawni eu rôl:

  • Gall asesiad gofalwr am ddim gael ei gynnal ar gyfer unrhyw un dros 18 oed a gall nodi ffyrdd o wneud gwelliannau ar gyfer gofalwr e.e. hyfforddiant ar gyfer codi a chario, trefnu seibiannau.
  • Mae Grwpiau Cymorth Lleol yn galluogi gofalwyr i ryngweithio â gofalwyr eraill a nodi ffynonellau o help a chymorth ariannol.
  • Fforymau cymorth a chyngor ar-lein os bydd hi'n anodd mynd i grŵp cymorth e.e. Fforwm Gofalwyr y DU (https://bit.ly/2kRSFnJ) neu 'Talking Point' gan y Gymdeithas Alzheimer's (https://bit.ly/2KGMhdH).
  • Efallai y gall awdurdodau lleol ddarparu gofal dydd, gofal seibiant neu addasiadau i'r cartref.
  • Mae hawl gan ofalwyr i wneud cais am oriau gwaith hyblyg gan eu cyflogwyr.
  • Mae Lwfans Gofalwr yn rhoi cymorth ariannol os bydd unigolyn yn cael gofal am 35 awr yr wythnos.
  • Drwy gofrestru fel gofalwr â'r meddyg teulu, mae'r gofalwr yn cael cymorth fel apwyntiadau ar adegau cyfleus, brechiadau am ddim rhag y ffliw, archwiliadau iechyd, gwybodaeth a chyngor.
  • Gall elusennau a sefydliadau gwirfoddol ddarparu cymorth e.e.

What is meant by a ‘dementia friendly community’ and how this can contribute to the well-being of individuals living with dementia

Ystyr ‘cymuned sy'n ystyriol o ddementia’ a sut y gall hyn gyfrannu at lesiant unigolion sy'n byw gyda dementia

Elderly woman on laptop

A dementia friendly community is a city, town or village where individuals with dementia are understood, respected and supported. In a dementia friendly community, individuals will be aware of and understand dementia, so that individuals with dementia can continue to live in the way they want to and in the community they choose. (https://bit.ly/2ED9yx5)

Through provision of dementia friendly communities, the concept of ‘living well with dementia’ is supported with individuals remaining part of their community and maintaining their independence, mixing with others and maintaining confidence. It prevents them from becoming isolated and withdrawn and makes individuals more confident in leaving their homes. Within a dementia friendly community, individuals are supported with aspects of daily life such as shopping, banking, use of technology, using transport and travelling on holiday. Dementia friendly communities support the well-being of individuals, enabling them to live within their own homes for longer. The communities also support carers as they can be less anxious about individuals leaving the home to carry out daily tasks.

https://bit.ly/2nTRt7g

Cymuned sy'n ystyriol o ddementia yw dinas, tref neu bentref lle caiff unigolion â dementia eu deall, eu parchu a'u cefnogi. Mewn cymuned sy'n ystyriol o ddementia, bydd unigolion yn ymwybodol o ddementia ac yn ei ddeall, fel y gall unigolion â dementia barhau i fyw fel yr hoffent ac yn y gymuned o'u dewis. (https://bit.ly/2ED9yx5)

Mae cymunedau sy'n ystyriol o ddementia yn cefnogi'r cysyniad o 'fyw'n dda gyda dementia' gydag unigolion yn aros yn rhan o'u cymuned ac yn cadw eu hannibyniaeth, gan gymysgu ag eraill a chynnal eu hyder. Mae'n eu hatal rhag encilio a chael eu hynysu ac mae'n gwneud i unigolion deimlo'n fwy hyderus i adael eu cartrefi. Mewn cymuned sy'n ystyriol o ddementia, mae unigolion yn cael cymorth gydag agweddau ar fywyd bob dydd fel siopa, bancio, defnyddio technoleg, defnyddio trafnidiaeth a theithio ar wyliau. Mae cymunedau sy'n ystyriol o ddementia yn cefnogi llesiant unigolion, gan eu galluogi i fyw yn eu cartrefi eu hunain am fwy o amser. Mae'r cymunedau hefyd yn cefnogi gofalwyr oherwydd ni fydd angen iddynt boeni cymaint am unigolion yn gadael y cartref i gyflawni tasgau bob dydd.

https://bit.ly/2mhgyZw

Support available for individuals living with dementia

Y cymorth sydd ar gael i unigolion sy'n byw gyda dementia

Health visitor and patient

A number of sources of support are available for those with dementia:

Care needs assessment. The local authority has a duty to assess the care needs of an individual with dementia. This determines an individual’s care needs and whether the local authority will support them.

A personal plan will be created based on assessment and will set out how care for the individual will be provided. It includes:

  • the personal wishes, aspirations and care and support needs for the individual.

Personal plan will provide:

  • Information for individuals and their representatives of the agreed care and support and the manner in which this will be provided.
  • A clear and constructive guide for staff about individuals, their care and support needs and outcomes they would like to achieve.
  • A basis for ongoing review.
  • A means for individuals, their representatives and staff to measure progress and whether their personal outcomes are met.

Other sources of support include:

  • General Practitioner
  • Practice nurses
  • Social Services Department
  • Carers
  • Family members
  • Admiral nurses (specialist nurses in dementia care)
  • Charities e.g. Alzheimer’s Society, Dementia UK, Age UK
  • National Dementia Helpline (0300 222 1122)
  • Specialist support and equipment.

Mae nifer o ffynonellau cymorth ar gael i'r rhai â dementia:

Asesiad o anghenion gofal. Mae dyletswydd ar yr awdurdod lleol i asesu anghenion gofal unigolyn â dementia. Mae'r asesiad hwn yn pennu anghenion gofal unigolyn a ph'un a fydd yr awdurdod lleol yn ei gynorthwyo.

Bydd cynllun personol yn cael ei greu ar sail yr asesiad a bydd yn nodi sut y bydd gofal yn cael ei ddarparu i'r unigolyn. Mae’n cynnwys:

  • dymuniadau, dyheadau ac anghenion gofal a chymorth personol yr unigolyn

Bydd cynllun personol yn darparu'r canlynol:

  • Gwybodaeth i unigolion a'u cynrychiolwyr am y gofal a'r cymorth y cytunwyd arnynt a'r ffordd y cânt eu darparu.
  • Canllaw clir ac adeiladol i staff ar unigolion, eu hanghenion gofal a chymorth a'r canlyniadau yr hoffent eu cyflawni.
  • Sail ar gyfer adolygiad parhaus.
  • Ffordd i unigolion, eu cynrychiolwyr a staff fesur cynnydd a ph'un a yw eu canlyniadau personol wedi'u cyflawni.

Mae ffynonellau cymorth eraill yn cynnwys:

  • Meddyg teulu
  • Nyrsys practis
  • Yr Adran Gwasanaethau Cymdeithasol
  • Gofalwyr
  • Aelodau o'r teulu
  • Nyrsys Admiral (nyrsys sy'n arbenigo mewn gofal dementia)
  • Elusennau, e.e. Cymdeithas Alzheimer's, Dementia UK, Age UK
  • Llinell Gymorth Genedlaethol ar gyfer Dementia (0300 222 1122)
  • Cymorth a chyfarpar arbenigol.

Living with dementia

Read the scenarios and explain the impact this may have on the individual and the carers and then identify support available.

Byw gyda dementia

Darllenwch y senarios ac eglurwch yr effaith y gallai hyn ei chael ar yr unigolyn a'r gofalwyr ac yna nodwch y cymorth sydd ar gael.

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