Introduction

Cyflwyniad

Drug abuse

Substance misuse refers to the harmful or hazardous use of substances, including:

  • alcohol
  • illicit and prescription drugs
  • glue
  • aerosol
  • cigarettes
  • caffeine.

Frequent use of these substances can lead to dependence which can bring about:

  • a strong desire to take the substance
  • difficulties in controlling its use
  • persisting in its use despite harmful consequences
  • a higher priority given to substance use than to other activities and obligations
  • increased tolerance – meaning the individual has to take more to get the same effect
  • sometimes a physical withdrawal state.

Substance misuse may have effects on physical and mental health, relationships and employment.

The most serious types of substance misuse are usually treated by drug and alcohol services.

Mae camddefnyddio sylweddau yn cyfeirio at ddefnyddio sylweddau mewn ffordd niweidiol neu beryglus, gan gynnwys:

  • alcohol
  • cyffuriau anghyfreithlon a chyffuriau ar bresgripsiwn
  • glud
  • aerosol
  • sigaréts
  • caffein.

Gall defnyddio'r sylweddau hyn yn aml arwain at ddibyniaeth, sy'n gallu achosi:

  • awydd cryf i gymryd y sylwedd
  • anawsterau i reoli'r defnydd sy'n cael ei wneud o'r sylwedd
  • parhau i ddefnyddio'r sylwedd er gwaethaf y canlyniadau niweidiol
  • rhoi mwy o flaenoriaeth i ddefnyddio'r sylwedd na gweithgareddau a chyfrifoldebau eraill
  • mwy o oddefiant – sy'n golygu bod yn rhaid i'r unigolyn gymryd mwy er mwyn cael yr un effaith
  • weithiau, symptomau diddyfnu corfforol.

Gall camddefnyddio sylweddau gael effaith ar iechyd corfforol ac iechyd meddwl, cydberthnasau a chyflogaeth.

Fel arfer, caiff y mathau mwyaf difrifol o gamddefnyddio sylweddau eu trin gan wasanaethau cyffuriau ac alcohol.

Drag the words to the correct spaces

Llusgwch y geiriau i'r bylchau cywir

Your answers

Substance misuse is the use of substances that are harmful and can be addictive. These can include alcohol, addictive drugs, glue, cigarettes, aerosols and caffeine. When an individual becomes addicted to substances they may suffer stress and withdrawal symptoms when they are unable to obtain a supply of the substance. The misuse of substances such as these can have an impact on physical and mental health as well as relationships and employment. Drug and alcohol services may be able to treat addiction.

Correct answers

Substance misuse is the use of substances that are harmful and can be addictive. These can include alcohol, addictive drugs, glue, cigarettes, aerosols and caffeine. When an individual becomes addicted to substances they may suffer stress and withdrawal symptoms when they are unable to obtain a supply of the substance. The misuse of substances such as these can have an impact on physical and mental health as well as relationships and employment. Drug and alcohol services may be able to treat addiction.

Eich ateb

Mae camddefnyddio sylweddau yn golygu defnyddio sylweddau sy'n niweidiol ac sy'n gallu bod yn gaethiwus. Gall y rhain gynnwys alcohol, cyffuriau caethiwus, glud, sigaréts, aerosolau a chaffein. Pan fydd unigolyn yn mynd yn gaeth i sylweddau, gall brofi straen a symptomau diddyfnu pan na all gael gafael ar y sylwedd. Gall camddefnyddio sylweddau fel y rhain gael effaith ar iechyd corfforol ac iechyd meddwl yn ogystal â chydberthnasau a chyflogaeth. Efallai y gall gwasanaethau cyffuriau ac alcohol drin achosion o gaethiwed.

Atebion cywir

Mae camddefnyddio sylweddau yn golygu defnyddio sylweddau sy'n niweidiol ac sy'n gallu bod yn gaethiwus. Gall y rhain gynnwys alcohol, cyffuriau caethiwus, glud, sigaréts, aerosolau a chaffein. Pan fydd unigolyn yn mynd yn gaeth i sylweddau, gall brofi straen a symptomau diddyfnu pan na all gael gafael ar y sylwedd. Gall camddefnyddio sylweddau fel y rhain gael effaith ar iechyd corfforol ac iechyd meddwl yn ogystal â chydberthnasau a chyflogaeth. Efallai y gall gwasanaethau cyffuriau ac alcohol drin achosion o gaethiwed.

Potential indicators and signs of substance misuse

Dangosyddion posibl ac arwyddion camddefnyddio sylweddau

alcoholic man in silhouette

Anyone can develop a problem with substance misuse but there are certain individuals who are more susceptible to addictive behaviours. These include individuals who:

  • have a family history of addictive behaviours
  • have suffered abuse, neglect or other traumatic experiences
  • suffer from depression or anxiety
  • started using substances at an early age.

The method of taking a substance can also play a part in the risk of addiction. In general, substances that are smoked or injected carry a higher risk of addiction.

Potential indicators and signs of substance misuse include:

  • change in behaviour
  • neglecting family and friends
  • change in friends
  • neglecting work duties
  • ceasing to take part in hobbies or sports
  • risky behaviours e.g. drink driving, poor hygiene with needles
  • criminal behaviour e.g. drink driving, disorderly behaviour, theft
  • arguments and relationship problems
  • aggression and irritability
  • lethargy
  • experiencing withdrawal symptoms
  • shaking
  • spending a lot of time finding sources of substances and using them
  • bloodshot or glazed eyes
  • dilated pupils
  • weight changes
  • changes in sleep patterns
  • depression.

Gall unrhyw un ddatblygu problem o ran camddefnyddio sylweddau ond mae rhai unigolion yn fwy tebygol nag eraill o ymddwyn mewn ffordd gaethiwus. Mae’r rhain yn cynnwys y canlynol:

  • unigolion sydd â hanes teuluol o ymddygiadau caethiwus
  • unigolion sydd wedi cael eu cam-drin, eu hesgeuluso neu sydd wedi cael profiadau trawmatig eraill
  • unigolion sy'n dioddef o iselder neu orbryder
  • unigolion a ddechreuodd ddefnyddio sylweddau yn ifanc.

Gall y ffordd y bydd unigolyn yn cymryd sylwedd gyfrannu at y risg o gaethiwed hefyd. Ar y cyfan, mae risg uwch o fod yn gaeth i sylweddau sy'n cael eu hysmygu neu'u chwistrellu.

Mae dangosyddion posibl ac arwyddion camddefnyddio sylweddau yn cynnwys:

  • newid mewn ymddygiad
  • esgeuluso teulu a ffrindiau
  • newid ffrindiau
  • esgeuluso dyletswyddau gwaith
  • rhoi'r gorau i gymryd rhan mewn hobïau neu chwaraeon
  • ymddwyn mewn ffyrdd peryglus e.e. yfed a gyrru, hylendid gwael gyda nodwyddau
  • troseddu e.e. yfed a gyrru, ymddwyn yn afreolus, dwyn
  • dadleuon a phroblemau â chydberthnasau
  • ymddwyn yn ymosodol ac yn flin
  • teimlo'n gysglyd
  • profi symptomau diddyfnu
  • crynu
  • treulio llawer o amser yn dod o hyd i ffynonellau sylweddau a'u defnyddio
  • gwaed yn y llygaid neu lygaid marwaidd
  • cannwyll llygad wedi ymledu
  • newidiadau mewn pwysau
  • newidiadau mewn patrymau cysgu
  • iselder.

Potential impact of substance misuse on the health and well-being of individuals

Effaith bosibl camddefnyddio sylweddau ar iechyd a llesiant unigolion

Fingerprint

Substance misuse impacts on the health and well-being of individuals in many ways and impacts on all aspects of life.

Physical - Causes weight changes, nausea, bloodshot eyes, bad breath, infections, accidents, chronic disease, sleep problems, dental decay, skin rashes or breakouts, heart and circulation problems and organ failure.

Mental and behavioural - Causes depression, psychosis, anxiety, paranoia, aggressiveness, impulsiveness, loss of self-control, poor decision-making abilities, inability to concentrate, confusion, memory loss, cravings.

Social - Causes breakdown in relationships, domestic violence, arguments, loss of friendship, social isolation.

Financial - Causes job loss, debt, unemployment, criminal record, potential loss of home.

Mae camddefnyddio sylweddau yn effeithio ar iechyd a llesiant unigolion mewn llawer o ffyrdd ac yn effeithio ar bob agwedd ar fywyd.

Corfforol - Yn arwain at newidiadau mewn pwysau, cyfog, gwaed yn y llygaid, gwynt drwg ar yr anadl, heintiau, damweiniau, clefyd cronig, problemau cysgu, pydredd dannedd, llid neu smotiau ar y croen, problemau gyda'r galon neu gylchrediad y gwaed ac organau'n methu.

Meddyliol ac ymddygiadol - Yn arwain at iselder, seicosis, gorbryder, paranoia, ymddygiad ymosodol, byrbwylltra, colli hunanreolaeth, gwneud penderfyniadau gwael, methiant i ganolbwyntio, dryswch, colli cof, ysfeydd.

Cymdeithasol - Yn arwain at dor-perthynas, trais domestig, dadleuon, colli ffrindiau, ynysu cymdeithasol.

Ariannol - Yn arwain at golli swydd, dyled, diweithdra, cofnod troseddol, colli cartref o bosibl.

Potential impact of substance misuse on the health and well-being of individuals

Substance misuse can impact on individuals physically, mentally, socially and financially. Drag each of the potential effects of substance misuse to the correct column

Effaith bosibl camddefnyddio sylweddau ar iechyd a llesiant unigolion

Gall camddefnyddio sylweddau effeithio ar unigolion yn gorfforol, yn feddyliol, yn gymdeithasol ac yn ariannol. Llusgwch bob un o effeithiau posibl camddefnyddio sylweddau i'r golofn gywir





          Support available to individuals who misuse substances

          Y cymorth sydd ar gael i unigolion sy'n camddefnyddio sylweddau

          Drug addiction

          There are a number of local and national initiatives that offer support for those who wish to make a change in their lives and beat their addiction to drugs or alcohol.

          New Link Wales has joined forces with SOLAS and Recovery Cymru to develop a programme called First Steps to Recovery which allows users to access individualised services to help their recovery. https://www.newlinkwales.org.uk/

          Dan 24/7 is a free helpline allowing individuals to talk to someone in confidence about their struggles with drugs or alcohol. http://dan247.org.uk/

          EDAS is the single point of entry into substance misuse treatment and support for individuals looking to address their own use of alcohol or drugs, as well as members of their family and carers looking for guidance and support. It provides a simple and effective access to the full range of substance misuse services in Cardiff and the Vale of Glamorgan. http://www.e-das.wales.nhs.uk/home

          Recovery Cymru is a self-help and support community for people in or seeking recovery from alcohol and drug problems. http://www.recoverycymru.org.uk/

          CAIS Drug and Alcohol Counselling is for people who are concerned about their own drinking or drug taking or about the drinking or drug taking of someone else (e.g. a partner, parent, close friend or relative). https://www.cais.co.uk/services/drug-and-alcohol-counselling/

          Barod Cymru specialises in substance misuse support for both adults and young people. http://barod.cymru/

          Alcohol Change UK offers help and support to individuals suffering from alcohol abuse and for those who are worried about their drinking. https://alcoholchange.org.uk/

          Narcotics Anonymous is a self-help group attended by those in recovery from drugs who meet regularly to help each other stay clean. This is a program of complete abstinence from all drugs. http://ukna.org/

          Alcoholics Anonymous is a self-help group attended by those in recovery from alcohol who meet regularly to help each other stay clean. This is a program of complete abstinence from all alcohol. https://www.alcoholics-anonymous.org.uk/

          Cocaine Anonymous is a self-help group attended by those in recovery from cocaine addiction, who meet regularly to help each other stay clean. This is a program of complete abstinence from cocaine. https://cocaineanonymous.org.uk/

          Dewis Cymru can provide individuals with information on support in their local area. https://www.dewis.wales/

          Mae nifer o fentrau lleol a chenedlaethol sy'n cynnig cymorth i'r rhai sy'n awyddus i newid eu bywydau a rhoi'r gorau i fod yn gaeth i gyffuriau neu alcohol.

          Mae New Link Wales wedi ymuno â SOLAS a Recovery Cymru i ddatblygu rhaglen o'r enw First Steps to Recovery sy'n galluogi defnyddwyr i gael gwasanaethau sydd wedi'u teilwra i'w helpu i wella. https://www.newlinkwales.org.uk/

          Dan 24/7 – llinell gymorth am ddim sy'n galluogi unigolion i siarad â rhywun yn breifat am eu trafferthion â chyffuriau neu alcohol. http://dan247.org.uk/

          EDAS – yr unig fan cychwyn i dderbyn triniaeth a chymorth i unigolion sy'n camddefnyddio sylweddau ac eisiau mynd i'r afael â'u defnydd o alcohol neu gyffuriau, yn ogystal ag aelodau o'r teulu a gofalwyr sy'n chwilio am arweiniad a chymorth. Mae'n cynnig mynediad syml ac effeithiol i'r ystod lawn o wasanaethau camddefnyddio sylweddau sydd ar gael yng Nghaerdydd a Bro Morgannwg. http://www.e-das.wales.nhs.uk/home

          Cymuned hunangymorth a chymorth ar gyfer pobl sy'n dod dros broblemau alcohol a chyffuriau neu sydd am wneud hynny yw Recovery Cymru. http://www.recoverycymru.org.uk/

          Mae gwasanaeth Cwnsela Cyffuriau ac Alcohol CAIS ar gyfer pobl sy'n pryderu am eu harferion yfed neu gymryd cyffuriau eu hunain neu am arferion yfed neu gymryd cyffuriau rhywun arall (e.e. partner, rhiant, ffrind agos neu berthynas). https://www.cais.co.uk/services/drug-and-alcohol-counselling/

          Mae Barod Cymru yn arbenigo mewn cymorth mewn perthynas â chamddefnyddio sylweddau i oedolion a phobl ifanc. http://barod.cymru

          Mae Alcohol Change UK yn cynnig help a chefnogaeth i unigolion sy'n dioddef o gamddefnyddio alcohol a'r rhai sy'n poeni am eu harferion yfed. https://alcoholchange.org.uk/

          Grŵp hunangymorth ar gyfer pobl sy'n dod dros gaethiwed i gyffuriau yw Narcotics Anonymous, ac mae'r aelodau'n cwrdd yn rheolaidd er mwyn helpu ei gilydd i barhau i ymwrthod. Rhaglen o ymwrthod yn llwyr â phob cyffur yw hwn. http://ukna.org/

          Grŵp hunangymorth ar gyfer pobl sy'n dod dros gaethiwed i alcohol yw Alcoholics Anonymous, ac mae'r aelodau'n cwrdd yn rheolaidd er mwyn helpu ei gilydd i barhau i ymwrthod. Rhaglen o ymwrthod yn llwyr ag alcohol yw hon. https://www.alcoholics-anonymous.org.uk/

          Grŵp hunangymorth ar gyfer pobl sy'n dod dros gaethiwed i gocên yw Cocaine Anonymous, ac mae'r aelodau'n cwrdd yn rheolaidd er mwyn helpu ei gilydd i barhau i ymwrthod. Rhaglen o ymwrthod yn llwyr â chocên yw hon. https://cocaineanonymous.org.uk/

          Gall Dewis Cymru roi gwybodaeth i unigolion am gymorth yn eu hardal leol. https://www.dewis.cymru/