Health and well-being (children and young people) Iechyd a llesiant (plant a phobl ifanc)
Stages of development – Infancy 0-2 years Cyfnodau datblygiad plentyn – Babanod 0-2 oed

Between 0 – 3 months, a baby:

• can slightly lift their head when lying on their stomach
• can hold their head up for a few seconds with support
• can open and shut their hands
• will pull at their own hands
• will be able to use rooting and sucking reflexes.

Between 3 – 6 months, a baby:

• can bring an object they are holding to their mouths
• can rollover
• can grab and play with toys
• can reach for objects
• can sit up (with pillows to prop them up)
• can support their weight on their legs when held up
• begins to eat solid food.

Between 6 – 9 months, a baby:

• can crawl
• can grasp and pull objects toward their own body
• can transfer toys and objects from one hand to the other
• keeps hands open and relaxed most of the time
• has the ability to pick up small finger food
• can sit up without being supported
• can reach for objects that are out of the way.

Between 9 – 12 months, a baby:

• can move easily from crawling position to sitting
• can sit for long periods
• can crawl up stairs
• can walk while holding onto furniture
• may take first steps alone
• can stand alone
• can point with index finger
• can turn the pages of a book (several at a time)
• will pick up and throw objects
• can roll a ball.

Between 1 and 2 years, a baby:

• can pick things up while standing up
• can walk backwards
• can walk up and down stairs without assistance
• can move and sway to music
• can colour or paint by moving the entire arm
• can scribble with markers or crayons
• can turn knobs and handles
• can jump
• can pull toys behind them while walking
• will begin to run
• can kick a ball
• can build a tower of 5 blocks.

Rhwng 0 a 3 mis oed, bydd baban yn gallu:

• codi ei ben ychydig wrth orwedd ar ei stumog
• dal ei ben i fyny am ychydig eiliadau gyda chymorth
• agor a chau ei ddwylo
• tynnu ei ddwylo ei hun
• defnyddio atgyrch chwilio a sugno.

Rhwng 3 a 6 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• dod ag eitem mae'n ei dal i'w geg
• rholio drosodd
• gafael mewn teganau a chwarae gyda nhw
• estyn am wrthrychau
• eistedd i fyny (gyda chlustogau i'w gynnal)
• cynnal ei bwysau ar ei goesau wrth gael ei ddal i fyny
• dechrau bwyta bwyd solet.

Rhwng 6 a 9 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• cropian
• gafael mewn gwrthrych a'i dynnu tuag at ei gorff
• trosglwyddo teganau a gwrthrychau o un llaw i'r llall
• cadw dwylo'n agored ac wedi ymlacio fel arfer
• pigo bwyd bys bach i fyny
• eistedd i fyny heb unrhyw gymorth
• estyn am bethau sydd allan o'r ffordd.

Rhwng 9 a 12 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• symud yn hawdd o gropian i eistedd
• eistedd am gyfnodau hir
• cropian i fyny'r grisiau
• cerdded wrth afael mewn dodrefn
• cymryd ei gamau cyntaf ar ei ben ei hun efallai
• sefyll ar ei ben ei hun
• pwyntio gyda'r mynegfys
• troi tudalennau llyfr (sawl un ar y tro)
• codi a thaflu gwrthrychau
• rholio pêl.

Rhwng blwydd a 2 oed, gall baban:

• godi pethau i fyny wrth sefyll i fyny
• cerdded am nôl
• cerdded i fyny ac i lawr y grisiau heb gymorth
• symud i gerddoriaeth
• lliwio neu beintio gan symud y fraich gyfan
• sgriblo gyda farcwyr neu greonau
• troi byliau a dolenni
• neidio
• tynnu teganau'r tu ôl iddynt wrth gerdded
• dechrau rhedeg
• cicio pêl
• adeiladu tŵr o 5 bloc.

Between 0 – 3 months, a baby:

• can see objects within a distance of 13 inches
• can focus on faces of caregivers
• recognises familiar voices
• can respond to their environment with facial expressions.

Between 3 – 6 months, a baby:

• can recognise familiar faces
• can recognise and react to familiar sounds
• will begin to imitate facial expressions
• will coo, squeal, and gurgle
• will cry according to need
• will communicate through body movements—waving arms and legs and opening up hands
• will show boredom by crying or fussing
• will practice turn-taking when “talking” with caregivers
• will start testing cause and effect, such as seeing what happens when shaking a toy.

Between 6 – 9 months, a baby:

• will use babbling talk to get attention
• will use different sounds for different needs
• will mimic sounds, inflections, gestures
• will anticipate food on sight
• begins to show interest in colours
• makes “raspberry” sounds
• smiles at a reflection of themselves in the mirror
• mimics facial movements
• will follow moving objects with their eyes.

Between 9 – 12 months, a baby:

• can put vowels and consonants together
• will use their tongue to change sound
• can say “dada” and “mama”
• will look for a toy that has been dropped
• can find partially hidden objects
• will explore visually and by putting objects in their mouth
• can understand simple requests
• can respond to “no” by shaking their head.

Between 1 and 2 years, a baby:

• can recognise the names of familiar people, objects and body parts
• can use 2 words together
• can follow simple instructions (1 or 2 steps)
• is beginning to sort objects by shapes and colour
• can tell the difference between "Me" and "You"
• will imitate the actions and language of adults.

Rhwng 0 a 3 mis oed, bydd baban yn gallu:

• gweld gwrthrychau o fewn pellter o 13 modfedd
• adnabod wynebau gofalwyr
• adnabod lleisiau cyfarwydd
• ymateb i'w hamgylchedd drwy fynegiant wyneb.

Rhwng 3 a 6 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• adnabod wynebau cyfarwydd
• adnabod ac ymateb i synau cyfarwydd
• dechrau dynwared mynegiant wyneb
• dweud gw-gw, gwichian a checian chwerthin
• crïo fel sydd ei angen
• cyfathrebu drwy symud y corff – chwifio'r coesau a'r breichiau ac agor y dwylo
• dangos diflastod drwy grïo neu wneud ffws
• ymarfer cymryd tro wrth "siarad" â gofalwyr
• dechrau profi achos ac effaith, fel gweld beth sy'n digwydd wrth ysgwyd tegan.

Rhwng 6 a 9 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• parablu er mwyn cael sylw
• defnyddio synau gwahanol at ddibenion gwahanol
• dynwared synau, gwyriadau, ystumiau
• disgwyl bwyd o'i weld
• dechrau dangos diddordeb mewn lliwiau
• gwneud synau wfftio
• gwenu wrth weld ei adlewyrchiad yn y drych
• dynwared symudiadau'r wyneb
• dilyn gwrthrychau sy'n symud gyda'i lygaid.

Rhwng 9 a 12 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• rhoi llafariaid a chytseiniaid at ei gilydd
• defnyddio ei dafod i newid sŵn
• dweud “dada” a “mama”
• edrych am degan sydd wedi'i ollwng
• dod o hyd i wrthrychau sydd wedi'u cuddio rywfaint
• archwilio'n weledol a thrwy roi gwrthrychau yn ei geg
• deall ceisiadau syml
• ymateb i “na” drwy siglo'r pen.

Rhwng blwydd a 2 oed, gall baban:

• adnabod enwau pobl gyfarwydd, gwrthrychau a rhannau o'r corff
• defnyddio dau air gyda'i gilydd
• dilyn cyfarwyddiadau syml (1 neu 2 gam)
• dechrau trefnu gwrthrychau yn siapiau a lliwiau
• dweud y gwahaniaeth rhwng "Fi" a "Chi"
• dynwared gweithredoedd ac iaith oedolion.

Between 0 – 3 months, a baby:

• will communicate emotions through crying
• will feel comforted by someone familiar
• will have positive responses to touch
• will become quiet when picked up
• will show happiness and sadness.

Between 3 – 6 months, a baby:

• will seek comfort and cry when uncomfortable
• will express excitement by waving their arms and legs
• will start laughing aloud.

Between 6 – 9 months, a baby:

• will express a number of emotions including happiness, sadness, fear, and anger
• will show frustration when a toy is taken away
• will begin to understand others’ emotions (an angry voice, for example, can make a baby frown)
• may start sucking their thumb or holding a toy or a blanket for comfort.

Between 9 – 12 months, a baby:

• may begin having separation anxiety
• will start to develop self-esteem
• will respond to positive feedback by clapping
• may cling to one parent or both.

Between 1 and 2 years, a baby:

• will begin to feel jealousy when not the centre of attention
• will show frustration easily
• will react to changes in daily routines
• may have tantrums and show aggression by biting etc.

Rhwng 0 a 3 mis oed, bydd baban yn gallu:

• cyfleu emosiynau drwy grïo
• cael ei gysuro gan rywun cyfarwydd
• ymateb yn gadarnhaol i gyffyrddiad
• ymdawelu wrth gael ei godi i fyny
• dangos hapusrwydd a thristwch.

Rhwng 3 a 6 mis oed, bydd baban yn gallu:

• ceisio cysur a chrïo pan fo'n anghyfforddus
• mynegi cyffro drwy chwifio ei freichiau a'i goesau
• dechrau chwerthin yn uchel.

Rhwng 6 a 9 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• mynegi nifer o emosiynau gan gynnwys hapusrwydd, tristwch, ofn a dicter
• dangos rhwystredigaeth pan fo tegan yn cael ei gymryd
• dechrau deall emosiynau pobl eraill (llais blin, er enghraifft, gwneud i faban wgu)
• dechrau sugno ei fawd neu ddal tegan neu flanced i'w gysuro.

Rhwng 9 a 12 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• dechrau pryderu o'i wahanu
• dechrau datblygu hunanbarch
• ymateb i adborth cadarnhaol drwy glapio
• glynu wrth un rhiant neu'r ddau.

Rhwng blwydd a 2 oed, gall baban:

• ddechrau teimlo cenfigen pan na fydd yn cael yr holl sylw
• dangos rhwystredigaeth yn hawdd
• ymateb i newidiadau mewn arferion bob dydd
• colli tymer ac ymddwyn yn ymosodol drwy gnoi ac ati.

Between 0 – 3 months, a baby:

• will enjoy social stimulation and smiling at people
• will respond to touch
• responds to love and affection
• may imitate facial expressions.

Between 3 – 6 months, a baby:

• begins to play with people
• may cry when playing stops
• will respond to their own name
• will raise their arms to signal “pick me up”
• will turn their head towards someone speaking.

Between 6 – 9 months, a baby:

• will want to take part in activities with people
• will point to things for a reason
• will seek attention.

Between 9 – 12 months, a baby:

• will hold out their arms and legs while being dressed
• will mimic simple actions
• will imitate other children
• will repeat sounds or movements that make people laugh
• will always need to be within sight and hearing of their caregiver
• will display affection in hugs, kisses, pats, and smiles.

Between 1 and 2 years, a baby:

• will begin to feel jealousy when not the centre of attention
• will show frustration easily
• will react to changes in daily routines
• may have tantrums and show aggression by biting etc.
• enjoys playing alone for short periods
• likes to do things without help
• has trouble sharing and may hit, push, and grab to keep toys
• demonstrates concern for others
• is wary of adults they don’t know.

Rhwng 0 a 3 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• mwynhau symbylu cymdeithasol a gwenu wrth bobl
• ymateb i gyffyrddiad
• ymateb i gariad ac anwyldeb
• gallu dynwared mynegiant wyneb.

Rhwng 3 a 6 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• dechrau chwarae gyda phobl
• gallu crïo pan fo'r chwarae'n dod i ben
• ymateb i'w enw ei hun
• codi ei freichiau fel arwydd i'w godi i fyny
• troi ei ben tuag at rywun sy'n siarad.

Rhwng 6 a 9 mis oed, bydd baban:

• am gymryd rhan mewn gweithgareddau gyda phobl
• yn pwyntio at bethau am reswm
• yn ceisio cael sylw.

Rhwng 9 a 12 mis oed, bydd baban yn:

• dal ei freichiau a'i goesau allan wrth gael ei wisgo
• dynwared gweithredoedd syml
• dynwared plant arall
• ailadrodd synau neu symudiadau sy'n gwneud i bobl chwerthin
• gorfod bod o fewn pellter gweld a chlywed i'w ofalwr
• dangos cariad drwy anwesu, cusanu, patio a gwenu.

Rhwng blwydd a 2 oed, bydd baban yn:

• dechrau teimlo cenfigen pan na fydd yn cael yr holl sylw
• dangos rhwystredigaeth yn hawdd
• ymateb i newidiadau mewn arferion bob dydd
• colli tymer ac ymddwyn yn ymosodol drwy gnoi ac ati.
• mwynhau chwarae ar ei ben ei hun am gyfnodau byr
• hoffi gwneud pethau heb gymorth
• ei chael hi'n anodd rhannu ac yn gallu bwrw, gwthio, a chipio er mwyn cadw teganau
• dangos pryder am eraill
• drwgdybus o oedolion nad yw'n eu hadnabod.