Health, Well-being, Learning and Development Iechyd, Llesiant, Dysgu a Datblygu
Adverse childhood experiences and how these can impact children’s health, well-being, learning and development Profiadau andwyol mewn plentyndod a sut mae’n effeithio ar iechyd, llesiant a datblygiad plant

https://www.aces.me.uk/in-wales/

These are traumatic experiences which occur before the child turns 18 years old, and are remembered throughout life. These can include:

• Emotional abuse – failing to meet children's emotional needs or harming children through the use of threats or aggressive language. This can also include a child witnessing violent assaults leading to the development of mental health problems, eating disorders or self-harm.
• Sexual abuse – any sexual activity a child is persuaded to be involved in. This does not have to involve physical contact and the child might not realise that it is wrong at the time. This may lead to severe mental health problems and the risk of self-harm.
• Physical abuse – this includes anything that impairs the physical safety of a child. Children who are physically abused may not do well in school and may develop drug and alcohol problems. They may also suffer from mental health problems.
• Domestic violence – a continuous pattern of behaviour that leads to abuse or control. It includes physical, sexual, emotional and financial abuse. Children who experience domestic abuse are more likely to become involved in abusive relationships in adulthood.
• Neglect – habitual failure to meet the needs of a child. Children who experience neglect are more likely to offend while also suffering from alcohol or drug problems.

http://www.aces.me.uk/cymraeg/

Mae’r profiadau yma yn rhai trawmatig sy’n digwydd cyn i’r plentyn gyrraedd 18 oed ac yn cael eu cofio gydol oes. Gall y rhain gynnwys:

• Camdriniaeth emosiynol - methu ag ateb anghenion emosiynol plant neu niweidio plant drwy fygwth a defnyddio iaith ymosodol. Gall hyn hefyd gynnwys plentyn yn gweld ymosodiadau treisgar sy’n arwain at blentyn yn datblygu problemau iechyd meddwl, anhwylderau bwyta neu’n hunan-niweidio.
• Camdriniaeth rywiol - unrhyw weithgarwch rhywiol y mae plentyn yn cael ei berswadio i gymryd rhan ynddo. Nid oes rhaid i hyn gynnwys cyswllt corfforol ac efallai na fydd y plentyn yn sylweddoli ei fod yn gwneud yn anghywir ar y pryd. Gall hyn arwain at broblemau iechyd meddwl difrifol a risg o hunan-niweidio.
• Camdriniaeth corfforol - mae hyn yn cynnwys unrhyw beth sy’n amharu ar ddiogelwch corfforol plentyn. Efallai na fydd plant sy'n cael eu cam-drin yn gorfforol yn gwneud yn dda yn yr ysgol a gallant ddatblygu problemau cyffuriau ac alcohol. Gallant hefyd ddioddef problemau iechyd meddwl.
• Trais yn y cartref - patrwm parhaus o ymddygiad sy’n arwain at gam-drin neu reoli person arall. Mae’n cynnwys camdriniaeth corfforol, rhywiol, emosiynol ac ariannol. Mae plant sy'n profi camdriniaeth ddomestig yn fwy tebygol o fod yn rhan o berthynas lle mae camdriniaeth yn bodoli pan yn oedolyn.
• Esgeulustod - methiant cyson i gwrdd ag anghenion plentyn. Mae plant sy'n profi esgeulustod yn fwy tebygol i droseddu gan hefyd ddioddef gyda phroblemau alcohol neu gyffuriau.